ABSTRACT
Introduction: Obesity among fertile women is reachingepidemic proportions. Mothers who are overweight or obeseduring pregnancy and childbirth are known to be at risk ofsignificant antenatal, intrapartum, postpartum and neonatalcomplications. So the aim of the current study was to evaluatethe effect of obesity on the maternal and perinatal outcomesin pregnancies complicated by obesity.Material and methods: A Prospective case-control study wasconducted in a civil hospital, Aizawl, from July 2017 to June2018 for a period of 1 year. The sample size of 150 subjectsof which, 77 pregnant women with BMI >30kg/m2 wereconsidered as cases and 73 pregnant women with BMI <30kg/m2 were controls and followed prospectively. Antepartum,intrapartum and postpartum complications were recorded.IBM SPSS version 22 was used for statistical analysis.Results: The mean age was 23±3.53 among controls and it was25±4.44 among cases. A statistically significant associationwas observed with socioeconomic status (0.033), inducedlabour (0.035) and prolonged hospital stay (0.004) indicatingthat maternal obesity is a major risk factor for antepartum,intrapartum and postpartum complications. An increased riskof hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetesmellitus (GDM), pre-eclampsia, induction of labour, caesareansection, postpartum complications like wound infection,atonic PPH (post-partum haemorrhage), the longer lengthof maternal stay in hospital and preterm birth were observedamong obese subjects.Conclusion: Pregnancy complications related to maternalBMI is a growing problem. Maternal obesity is a risk factor forgestational diabetes, preeclampsia, labor induction, cesareanfor fetal distress and wound infection.
ABSTRACT
An experiment was conducted to study the effects of an emulsifier [glycerol polyethylene glycol ricinoleate: GPGR] and different sources of fat on the performance of Khaki Campbell ducks. Ducks were assigned into five groups with three replicates [10 ducks/replicate] in each group. Treatments were a control diet [C1: without added oil and emulsifier], control diet added with 2% soybean oil [C2]. For the other three groups, maize was replaced with rice bran and added with 2% soybean oil plus emulsifier [T1], 2% palm oil plus emulsifier [T2], and 2% lard plus emulsifier [T3]. Feed intakes were not affected [P>0.1] by any dietary treatment. There were also no effects [P>0.1] of dietary treatment on body weight gain and feed efficiency except for T3 group, where body weight gain was lower compared with other treatments, and feed efficiency was lower than C2, T1, and T2. The metabolizability of dry matter tended [P=0.08] to decrease in T1, T2 and T3 groups than in C1 and C2 groups. Apparent metabolizable energy contents were significantly greater [P<0.05] in the C2 group than in the C1 group, but were similar among C1, T1, T2 and T3 groups. The metabolizability of fat and other nutrients were not affected [P>0.10] by dietary treatments. Major carcass traits were unaffected [P>0.10] among the treatments. In conclusion, soybean oil and palm oil with GPGR as emulsifier could be added in the diets containing high amount of rice bran without affecting the performance; whereas lard may adversely affect the performance of ducks